How does Single Sign-On(SSO) work?

Single Sign-On (SSO) is a mechanism that allows users to authenticate themselves once and gain access to multiple applications or systems without the need to enter their credentials for each individual application. SSO streamlines the login process, improves user experience, and enhances security.

The working principle of SSO involves three main components: the Identity Provider (IDP), Service Provider (SP), and user authentication.

• Firstly, the user initiates the login process by accessing an application or system that supports SSO. The SP recognizes that SSO is enabled and redirects the user to the IDP for authentication.

• Next, the IDP verifies the user's identity by requesting their credentials or using other authentication methods such as biometrics or multi-factor authentication. Once authenticated, the IDP generates a unique token known as a security assertion.

• This security assertion is sent back to the SP, which validates it against its own set of trusted certificates or tokens. If successful, the SP grants access to the requested application or system without requiring further login credentials from the user.

SSO offers several benefits including convenience for users who can access multiple applications with a single set of credentials. It also reduces password fatigue as users do not need to remember multiple passwords for different systems. Additionally, SSO improves security by centralizing authentication processes and reducing vulnerabilities associated with weak passwords or password reuse. Read More...